Genetically defined elevated homocysteine levels do not result in widespread changes of DNA methylation in leukocytes
Identifieur interne : 000B69 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000B68; suivant : 000B70Genetically defined elevated homocysteine levels do not result in widespread changes of DNA methylation in leukocytes
Auteurs : Pooja R. Mandaviya [Pays-Bas] ; Roby Joehanes [États-Unis] ; Dylan Aïssi [France] ; Brigitte Kühnel [Allemagne] ; Riccardo E. Marioni [Australie, Royaume-Uni] ; Vinh Truong [Canada] ; Lisette Stolk [Pays-Bas] ; Marian Beekman [Pays-Bas] ; Marc Jan Bonder [Pays-Bas] ; Lude Franke [Pays-Bas] ; Christian Gieger [Allemagne] ; Tianxiao Huan [États-Unis] ; M. Arfan Ikram [Pays-Bas] ; Sonja Kunze [Allemagne] ; Liming Liang [États-Unis] ; Jan Lindemans [Pays-Bas] ; Chunyu Liu [États-Unis] ; Allan F. Mcrae [Australie] ; Michael M. Mendelson [États-Unis] ; Martina Müller-Nurasyid [Allemagne] ; Annette Peters [Allemagne] ; P. Eline Slagboom [Pays-Bas] ; John M. Starr [Royaume-Uni] ; David-Alexandre Trégouët [France] ; André G. Uitterlinden [Pays-Bas] ; Marleen M. J. Van Greevenbroek [Pays-Bas] ; Diana Van Heemst [Pays-Bas] ; Maarten Van Iterson [Pays-Bas] ; Philip S. Wells [Canada] ; Chen Yao [États-Unis] ; Ian J. Deary [Royaume-Uni] ; France Gagnon [Canada] ; Bastiaan T. Heijmans [Pays-Bas] ; Daniel Levy [États-Unis] ; Pierre-Emmanuel Morange [France] ; Melanie Waldenberger [Allemagne] ; Sandra G. Heil [Pays-Bas] ; Joyce B. J. Van Meurs [Pays-Bas]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
DNA methylation is affected by the activities of the key enzymes and intermediate metabolites of the one-carbon pathway, one of which involves homocysteine. We investigated the effect of the well-known genetic variant associated with mildly elevated homocysteine:
Methylation levels were assessed using Illumina 450k arrays on 9,894 individuals of European ancestry from 12 cohort studies. Linear-mixed-models were used to study the association of additive
Meta-analysis revealed that the
Our results do not show widespread changes in DNA-methylation across the genome, and therefore do not support the hypothesis that mildly elevated homocysteine is associated with widespread methylation changes in leukocytes.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182472
PubMed: 29084233
PubMed Central: 5662081
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, Canada, France, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Bavière, District de Haute-Bavière, Groningue (province), Hollande-Méridionale, Maryland, Massachusetts, Ontario, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Écosse, Île-de-France
- Groningue, Leyde, Marseille, Munich, Paris, Rotterdam, Toronto, Édimbourg
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Université d'Édimbourg, Université de Toronto
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Marioni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truong, Vinh" sort="Truong, Vinh" uniqKey="Truong V" first="Vinh" last="Truong">Vinh Truong</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stolk, Lisette" sort="Stolk, Lisette" uniqKey="Stolk L" first="Lisette" last="Stolk">Lisette Stolk</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beekman, Marian" sort="Beekman, Marian" uniqKey="Beekman M" first="Marian" last="Beekman">Marian Beekman</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonder, Marc Jan" sort="Bonder, Marc Jan" uniqKey="Bonder M" first="Marc Jan" last="Bonder">Marc Jan Bonder</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Lude" sort="Franke, Lude" uniqKey="Franke L" first="Lude" last="Franke">Lude Franke</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huan, Tianxiao" sort="Huan, Tianxiao" uniqKey="Huan T" first="Tianxiao" last="Huan">Tianxiao Huan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M. Arfan" last="Ikram">M. Arfan Ikram</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff016"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kunze, Sonja" sort="Kunze, Sonja" uniqKey="Kunze S" first="Sonja" last="Kunze">Sonja Kunze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Liming" sort="Liang, Liming" uniqKey="Liang L" first="Liming" last="Liang">Liming Liang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff017"><addr-line>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindemans, Jan" sort="Lindemans, Jan" uniqKey="Lindemans J" first="Jan" last="Lindemans">Jan Lindemans</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Chunyu" sort="Liu, Chunyu" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunyu" last="Liu">Chunyu Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcrae, Allan F" sort="Mcrae, Allan F" uniqKey="Mcrae A" first="Allan F." last="Mcrae">Allan F. Mcrae</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mendelson, Michael M" sort="Mendelson, Michael M" uniqKey="Mendelson M" first="Michael M." last="Mendelson">Michael M. Mendelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff018"><addr-line>Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff019"><addr-line>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff020"><addr-line>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff021"><addr-line>Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff019"><addr-line>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slagboom, P Eline" sort="Slagboom, P Eline" uniqKey="Slagboom P" first="P. Eline" last="Slagboom">P. Eline Slagboom</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Starr, John M" sort="Starr, John M" uniqKey="Starr J" first="John M." last="Starr">John M. Starr</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tregouet, David Alexandre" sort="Tregouet, David Alexandre" uniqKey="Tregouet D" first="David-Alexandre" last="Trégouët">David-Alexandre Trégouët</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G." last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J" sort="Van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J" uniqKey="Van Greevenbroek M" first="Marleen M. J." last="Van Greevenbroek">Marleen M. J. Van Greevenbroek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff022"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine and School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine and School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Maastricht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Heemst, Diana" sort="Van Heemst, Diana" uniqKey="Van Heemst D" first="Diana" last="Van Heemst">Diana Van Heemst</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff023"><addr-line>Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Iterson, Maarten" sort="Van Iterson, Maarten" uniqKey="Van Iterson M" first="Maarten" last="Van Iterson">Maarten Van Iterson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wells, Philip S" sort="Wells, Philip S" uniqKey="Wells P" first="Philip S." last="Wells">Philip S. Wells</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff024"><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ottawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Chen" sort="Yao, Chen" uniqKey="Yao C" first="Chen" last="Yao">Chen Yao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deary, Ian J" sort="Deary, Ian J" uniqKey="Deary I" first="Ian J." last="Deary">Ian J. Deary</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff025"><addr-line>Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagnon, France" sort="Gagnon, France" uniqKey="Gagnon F" first="France" last="Gagnon">France Gagnon</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heijmans, Bastiaan T" sort="Heijmans, Bastiaan T" uniqKey="Heijmans B" first="Bastiaan T." last="Heijmans">Bastiaan T. Heijmans</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levy, Daniel" sort="Levy, Daniel" uniqKey="Levy D" first="Daniel" last="Levy">Daniel Levy</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" sort="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" uniqKey="Morange P" first="Pierre-Emmanuel" last="Morange">Pierre-Emmanuel Morange</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff026"><addr-line>Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff027"><addr-line>Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Inra UMR_1260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Inra UMR_1260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Aix-Marseille</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waldenberger, Melanie" sort="Waldenberger, Melanie" uniqKey="Waldenberger M" first="Melanie" last="Waldenberger">Melanie Waldenberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heil, Sandra G" sort="Heil, Sandra G" uniqKey="Heil S" first="Sandra G." last="Heil">Sandra G. Heil</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Meurs, Joyce B J" sort="Van Meurs, Joyce B J" uniqKey="Van Meurs J" first="Joyce B. J." last="Van Meurs">Joyce B. J. Van Meurs</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29084233</idno><idno type="pmc">5662081</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662081</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5662081</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0182472</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002A02</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002A02</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002852</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002852</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000294</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000294</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000339</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000339</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000337</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000337</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000337</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000337</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">005125</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">005125</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">005125</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000B64</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000B69</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000B69</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Genetically defined elevated homocysteine levels do not result in widespread changes of DNA methylation in leukocytes</title><author><name sortKey="Mandaviya, Pooja R" sort="Mandaviya, Pooja R" uniqKey="Mandaviya P" first="Pooja R." last="Mandaviya">Pooja R. Mandaviya</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Joehanes, Roby" sort="Joehanes, Roby" uniqKey="Joehanes R" first="Roby" last="Joehanes">Roby Joehanes</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aissi, Dylan" sort="Aissi, Dylan" uniqKey="Aissi D" first="Dylan" last="Aïssi">Dylan Aïssi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuhnel, Brigitte" sort="Kuhnel, Brigitte" uniqKey="Kuhnel B" first="Brigitte" last="Kühnel">Brigitte Kühnel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marioni, Riccardo E" sort="Marioni, Riccardo E" uniqKey="Marioni R" first="Riccardo E." last="Marioni">Riccardo E. Marioni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truong, Vinh" sort="Truong, Vinh" uniqKey="Truong V" first="Vinh" last="Truong">Vinh Truong</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stolk, Lisette" sort="Stolk, Lisette" uniqKey="Stolk L" first="Lisette" last="Stolk">Lisette Stolk</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beekman, Marian" sort="Beekman, Marian" uniqKey="Beekman M" first="Marian" last="Beekman">Marian Beekman</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonder, Marc Jan" sort="Bonder, Marc Jan" uniqKey="Bonder M" first="Marc Jan" last="Bonder">Marc Jan Bonder</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Lude" sort="Franke, Lude" uniqKey="Franke L" first="Lude" last="Franke">Lude Franke</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huan, Tianxiao" sort="Huan, Tianxiao" uniqKey="Huan T" first="Tianxiao" last="Huan">Tianxiao Huan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M. Arfan" last="Ikram">M. Arfan Ikram</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff016"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kunze, Sonja" sort="Kunze, Sonja" uniqKey="Kunze S" first="Sonja" last="Kunze">Sonja Kunze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Liming" sort="Liang, Liming" uniqKey="Liang L" first="Liming" last="Liang">Liming Liang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff017"><addr-line>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindemans, Jan" sort="Lindemans, Jan" uniqKey="Lindemans J" first="Jan" last="Lindemans">Jan Lindemans</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Chunyu" sort="Liu, Chunyu" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunyu" last="Liu">Chunyu Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcrae, Allan F" sort="Mcrae, Allan F" uniqKey="Mcrae A" first="Allan F." last="Mcrae">Allan F. Mcrae</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mendelson, Michael M" sort="Mendelson, Michael M" uniqKey="Mendelson M" first="Michael M." last="Mendelson">Michael M. Mendelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff018"><addr-line>Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff019"><addr-line>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff020"><addr-line>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff021"><addr-line>Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff019"><addr-line>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slagboom, P Eline" sort="Slagboom, P Eline" uniqKey="Slagboom P" first="P. Eline" last="Slagboom">P. Eline Slagboom</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Starr, John M" sort="Starr, John M" uniqKey="Starr J" first="John M." last="Starr">John M. Starr</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tregouet, David Alexandre" sort="Tregouet, David Alexandre" uniqKey="Tregouet D" first="David-Alexandre" last="Trégouët">David-Alexandre Trégouët</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G." last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J" sort="Van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J" uniqKey="Van Greevenbroek M" first="Marleen M. J." last="Van Greevenbroek">Marleen M. J. Van Greevenbroek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff022"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine and School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine and School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Maastricht</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Heemst, Diana" sort="Van Heemst, Diana" uniqKey="Van Heemst D" first="Diana" last="Van Heemst">Diana Van Heemst</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff023"><addr-line>Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Iterson, Maarten" sort="Van Iterson, Maarten" uniqKey="Van Iterson M" first="Maarten" last="Van Iterson">Maarten Van Iterson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wells, Philip S" sort="Wells, Philip S" uniqKey="Wells P" first="Philip S." last="Wells">Philip S. Wells</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff024"><addr-line>Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ottawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Chen" sort="Yao, Chen" uniqKey="Yao C" first="Chen" last="Yao">Chen Yao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deary, Ian J" sort="Deary, Ian J" uniqKey="Deary I" first="Ian J." last="Deary">Ian J. Deary</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff025"><addr-line>Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagnon, France" sort="Gagnon, France" uniqKey="Gagnon F" first="France" last="Gagnon">France Gagnon</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heijmans, Bastiaan T" sort="Heijmans, Bastiaan T" uniqKey="Heijmans B" first="Bastiaan T." last="Heijmans">Bastiaan T. Heijmans</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Leyde</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levy, Daniel" sort="Levy, Daniel" uniqKey="Levy D" first="Daniel" last="Levy">Daniel Levy</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff014"><addr-line>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff015"><addr-line>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" sort="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" uniqKey="Morange P" first="Pierre-Emmanuel" last="Morange">Pierre-Emmanuel Morange</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff026"><addr-line>Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff027"><addr-line>Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Inra UMR_1260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Inra UMR_1260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Aix-Marseille</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waldenberger, Melanie" sort="Waldenberger, Melanie" uniqKey="Waldenberger M" first="Melanie" last="Waldenberger">Melanie Waldenberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heil, Sandra G" sort="Heil, Sandra G" uniqKey="Heil S" first="Sandra G." last="Heil">Sandra G. Heil</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Meurs, Joyce B J" sort="Van Meurs, Joyce B J" uniqKey="Van Meurs J" first="Joyce B. J." last="Van Meurs">Joyce B. J. Van Meurs</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>DNA methylation is affected by the activities of the key enzymes and intermediate metabolites of the one-carbon pathway, one of which involves homocysteine. We investigated the effect of the well-known genetic variant associated with mildly elevated homocysteine: <italic>MTHFR</italic> 677C>T independently and in combination with other homocysteine-associated variants, on genome-wide leukocyte DNA-methylation.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>Methylation levels were assessed using Illumina 450k arrays on 9,894 individuals of European ancestry from 12 cohort studies. Linear-mixed-models were used to study the association of additive <italic>MTHFR</italic> 677C>T and genetic-risk score (GRS) based on 18 homocysteine-associated SNPs, with genome-wide methylation.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>Meta-analysis revealed that the <italic>MTHFR</italic> 677C>T variant was associated with 35 CpG sites in <italic>cis</italic>, and the GRS showed association with 113 CpG sites near the homocysteine-associated variants. Genome-wide analysis revealed that the MTHFR 677C>T variant was associated with 1 <italic>trans</italic>-CpG (nearest gene <italic>ZNF184</italic>), while the GRS model showed association with 5 significant <italic>trans</italic>-CpGs annotated to nearest genes <italic>PTF1A</italic>, <italic>MRPL55</italic>, <italic>CTDSP2</italic>, <italic>CRYM</italic> and <italic>FKBP5</italic>.</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusions</title><p>Our results do not show widespread changes in DNA-methylation across the genome, and therefore do not support the hypothesis that mildly elevated homocysteine is associated with widespread methylation changes in leukocytes.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ehrlich, M" uniqKey="Ehrlich M">M Ehrlich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Klutstein, M" uniqKey="Klutstein M">M Klutstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nejman, D" 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name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Méridionale"><name sortKey="Mandaviya, Pooja R" sort="Mandaviya, Pooja R" uniqKey="Mandaviya P" first="Pooja R." last="Mandaviya">Pooja R. Mandaviya</name></region><name sortKey="Beekman, Marian" sort="Beekman, Marian" uniqKey="Beekman M" first="Marian" last="Beekman">Marian Beekman</name><name sortKey="Bonder, Marc Jan" sort="Bonder, Marc Jan" uniqKey="Bonder M" first="Marc Jan" last="Bonder">Marc Jan Bonder</name><name sortKey="Franke, Lude" sort="Franke, Lude" uniqKey="Franke L" first="Lude" last="Franke">Lude Franke</name><name sortKey="Heijmans, Bastiaan T" sort="Heijmans, Bastiaan T" uniqKey="Heijmans B" first="Bastiaan T." last="Heijmans">Bastiaan T. Heijmans</name><name sortKey="Heil, Sandra G" sort="Heil, Sandra G" uniqKey="Heil S" first="Sandra G." last="Heil">Sandra G. Heil</name><name sortKey="Ikram, M Arfan" sort="Ikram, M Arfan" uniqKey="Ikram M" first="M. Arfan" last="Ikram">M. Arfan Ikram</name><name sortKey="Lindemans, Jan" sort="Lindemans, Jan" uniqKey="Lindemans J" first="Jan" last="Lindemans">Jan Lindemans</name><name sortKey="Mandaviya, Pooja R" sort="Mandaviya, Pooja R" uniqKey="Mandaviya P" first="Pooja R." last="Mandaviya">Pooja R. Mandaviya</name><name sortKey="Slagboom, P Eline" sort="Slagboom, P Eline" uniqKey="Slagboom P" first="P. Eline" last="Slagboom">P. Eline Slagboom</name><name sortKey="Stolk, Lisette" sort="Stolk, Lisette" uniqKey="Stolk L" first="Lisette" last="Stolk">Lisette Stolk</name><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G." last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name><name sortKey="Van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J" sort="Van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J" uniqKey="Van Greevenbroek M" first="Marleen M. J." last="Van Greevenbroek">Marleen M. J. Van Greevenbroek</name><name sortKey="Van Heemst, Diana" sort="Van Heemst, Diana" uniqKey="Van Heemst D" first="Diana" last="Van Heemst">Diana Van Heemst</name><name sortKey="Van Iterson, Maarten" sort="Van Iterson, Maarten" uniqKey="Van Iterson M" first="Maarten" last="Van Iterson">Maarten Van Iterson</name><name sortKey="Van Meurs, Joyce B J" sort="Van Meurs, Joyce B J" uniqKey="Van Meurs J" first="Joyce B. J." last="Van Meurs">Joyce B. J. Van Meurs</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Massachusetts"><name sortKey="Joehanes, Roby" sort="Joehanes, Roby" uniqKey="Joehanes R" first="Roby" last="Joehanes">Roby Joehanes</name></region><name sortKey="Huan, Tianxiao" sort="Huan, Tianxiao" uniqKey="Huan T" first="Tianxiao" last="Huan">Tianxiao Huan</name><name sortKey="Huan, Tianxiao" sort="Huan, Tianxiao" uniqKey="Huan T" first="Tianxiao" last="Huan">Tianxiao Huan</name><name sortKey="Levy, Daniel" sort="Levy, Daniel" uniqKey="Levy D" first="Daniel" last="Levy">Daniel Levy</name><name sortKey="Levy, Daniel" sort="Levy, Daniel" uniqKey="Levy D" first="Daniel" last="Levy">Daniel Levy</name><name sortKey="Liang, Liming" sort="Liang, Liming" uniqKey="Liang L" first="Liming" last="Liang">Liming Liang</name><name sortKey="Liu, Chunyu" sort="Liu, Chunyu" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunyu" last="Liu">Chunyu Liu</name><name sortKey="Liu, Chunyu" sort="Liu, Chunyu" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunyu" last="Liu">Chunyu Liu</name><name sortKey="Mendelson, Michael M" sort="Mendelson, Michael M" uniqKey="Mendelson M" first="Michael M." last="Mendelson">Michael M. Mendelson</name><name sortKey="Mendelson, Michael M" sort="Mendelson, Michael M" uniqKey="Mendelson M" first="Michael M." last="Mendelson">Michael M. Mendelson</name><name sortKey="Mendelson, Michael M" sort="Mendelson, Michael M" uniqKey="Mendelson M" first="Michael M." last="Mendelson">Michael M. Mendelson</name><name sortKey="Yao, Chen" sort="Yao, Chen" uniqKey="Yao C" first="Chen" last="Yao">Chen Yao</name><name sortKey="Yao, Chen" sort="Yao, Chen" uniqKey="Yao C" first="Chen" last="Yao">Chen Yao</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Aissi, Dylan" sort="Aissi, Dylan" uniqKey="Aissi D" first="Dylan" last="Aïssi">Dylan Aïssi</name></region><name sortKey="Aissi, Dylan" sort="Aissi, Dylan" uniqKey="Aissi D" first="Dylan" last="Aïssi">Dylan Aïssi</name><name sortKey="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" sort="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" uniqKey="Morange P" first="Pierre-Emmanuel" last="Morange">Pierre-Emmanuel Morange</name><name sortKey="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" sort="Morange, Pierre Emmanuel" uniqKey="Morange P" first="Pierre-Emmanuel" last="Morange">Pierre-Emmanuel Morange</name><name sortKey="Tregouet, David Alexandre" sort="Tregouet, David Alexandre" uniqKey="Tregouet D" first="David-Alexandre" last="Trégouët">David-Alexandre Trégouët</name><name sortKey="Tregouet, David Alexandre" sort="Tregouet, David Alexandre" uniqKey="Tregouet D" first="David-Alexandre" last="Trégouët">David-Alexandre Trégouët</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kuhnel, Brigitte" sort="Kuhnel, Brigitte" uniqKey="Kuhnel B" first="Brigitte" last="Kühnel">Brigitte Kühnel</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><name sortKey="Kuhnel, Brigitte" sort="Kuhnel, Brigitte" uniqKey="Kuhnel B" first="Brigitte" last="Kühnel">Brigitte Kühnel</name><name sortKey="Kunze, Sonja" sort="Kunze, Sonja" uniqKey="Kunze S" first="Sonja" last="Kunze">Sonja Kunze</name><name sortKey="Kunze, Sonja" sort="Kunze, Sonja" uniqKey="Kunze S" first="Sonja" last="Kunze">Sonja Kunze</name><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><name sortKey="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" sort="Muller Nurasyid, Martina" uniqKey="Muller Nurasyid M" first="Martina" last="Müller-Nurasyid">Martina Müller-Nurasyid</name><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><name sortKey="Peters, Annette" sort="Peters, Annette" uniqKey="Peters A" first="Annette" last="Peters">Annette Peters</name><name sortKey="Waldenberger, Melanie" sort="Waldenberger, Melanie" uniqKey="Waldenberger M" first="Melanie" last="Waldenberger">Melanie Waldenberger</name><name sortKey="Waldenberger, Melanie" sort="Waldenberger, Melanie" uniqKey="Waldenberger M" first="Melanie" last="Waldenberger">Melanie Waldenberger</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Marioni, Riccardo E" sort="Marioni, Riccardo E" uniqKey="Marioni R" first="Riccardo E." last="Marioni">Riccardo E. Marioni</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Mcrae, Allan F" sort="Mcrae, Allan F" uniqKey="Mcrae A" first="Allan F." last="Mcrae">Allan F. Mcrae</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Écosse"><name sortKey="Marioni, Riccardo E" sort="Marioni, Riccardo E" uniqKey="Marioni R" first="Riccardo E." last="Marioni">Riccardo E. Marioni</name></region><name sortKey="Deary, Ian J" sort="Deary, Ian J" uniqKey="Deary I" first="Ian J." last="Deary">Ian J. Deary</name><name sortKey="Deary, Ian J" sort="Deary, Ian J" uniqKey="Deary I" first="Ian J." last="Deary">Ian J. Deary</name><name sortKey="Marioni, Riccardo E" sort="Marioni, Riccardo E" uniqKey="Marioni R" first="Riccardo E." last="Marioni">Riccardo E. Marioni</name><name sortKey="Starr, John M" sort="Starr, John M" uniqKey="Starr J" first="John M." last="Starr">John M. Starr</name></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Truong, Vinh" sort="Truong, Vinh" uniqKey="Truong V" first="Vinh" last="Truong">Vinh Truong</name></region><name sortKey="Gagnon, France" sort="Gagnon, France" uniqKey="Gagnon F" first="France" last="Gagnon">France Gagnon</name><name sortKey="Wells, Philip S" sort="Wells, Philip S" uniqKey="Wells P" first="Philip S." last="Wells">Philip S. Wells</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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